GEOGRAPHY

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The ancient Greek scholar Eratosthenes is commonly called the "father of geography" for he was the first to use the word geography and he had a small-scale notion of the planet that led him to be able to determine the circumference of the earth.

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Geography has been mentioned in GS Paper - 1 of mains syllabus. This year (2022) more than seven questions have asked in paper - 1 out of twenty of different subjects.

Geography section in mains could be similar to prelims. Some section like current occurrence of Disaster and related issues could be specially studied for mains point of view. You should focus a lot more on the distribution of resources for the examples coal, petroleum, iron, gold, uranium etc. across the world and the factors responsible for the location of primary, secondary & tertiary sector industries in various parts of the world. It would be better if the diagram can be made to make it more illustrative. Newspaper study regarding disaster and current issues associated with geographical events are of utmost importance.

Topics mentioned in the syllabus from where questions are asked.

1. Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc.

2. Geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.

3. Salient features of world’s physical geography.

Question asked in CSE Mains 2022

1. Describe the characteristics and types of primary rocks. (Answer in 150 words) 10

2. Discuss the meaning of color-coded weather warnings for cyclone prone areas given by India Meteorological department. (Answer in 150 words) 10

3. Discuss the natural resource potentials of ‘Deccan trap’. (Answer in 150 words) 10

4. Examine the potential of wind energy in India and explain the reasons for their limited spatial spread. (Answer in 150 words) 10

5. How is the growth of Tier 2 cities related to the rise of a new middle class with an emphasis on the culture of consumption? (Answer in 150 words) 10

6. What are the forces that influence ocean currents? Describe their role in fishing industry of the world. (Answer in 250 words) 15

7. Mention the significance of straits and isthmus in international trade. (Answer in 250 words) 15

8. Troposphere is a very significant atmospheric layer that determines weather processes. How? (Answer in 250 words) 15

9. Elucidate the relationship between globalization and new technology in a world of scarce resources, with special reference to India. (Answer in 250 words) 15